Cardiovascular disease signs and symptoms
Cardiovascular disease is a global concern: according to World Health Organization (WHO), there are over 300 risk factors associated with CVD and stroke, and CVD risk factors currently affecting people worldwide.
Contrary to general belief according to which CVD affects men, especially in developed countries, over 80% of deaths caused by CVD occur in countries with high and low life, almost equally among male and female.
Cardiovascular disease signs and symptoms: No symptoms of CVD, the first sign is, in most cases, a heart attack or stroke. This proves the importance of awareness of each individual risk and takes measures to prevent CVD. However, some people show certain symptoms.
Various forms of cardiovascular disease
- Coronary heart disease (IC), a disease of blood vessels that irrigate the heart. IC implications include:
- Myocardial infarction (MI, or heart attack)
- Angina (chest pain)
- Some arrhythmia (abnormal heart rhythms).
- Cardiovascular diseases, diseases of blood vessels that irrigate the brain. The implications of cerebral disease include:
- Stroke (brain cell disorder caused by insufficient blood supply)
- Transient ischemic attack (temporary impairment of vision, speech, touch or movement)
- Peripheral arterial disease (PAD), a disease of the blood vessels that irrigate arms and legs, which can result in intermittent pain or cramping, especially during exercise, the leg muscles.
- Most common cardiovascular disease signs and symptoms of heart attack include pain or discomfort in the center of the chest, arms, left shoulder, elbow, jaw or back. Other symptoms include dyspnea (difficulty breathing) and respiratory failure, malaise, vomiting, apathy or fainting, cold sweat, pale.
- The most common symptom of stroke is sudden feeling of weakness of the face and limbs, most often on one side. Other symptoms include rapid onset following: atrophy of the face and limbs, most often on one side of the body, confusion, difficulty speaking or understanding; difficulty for one or both eyes, difficulty in movement, dizziness, loss of balance or coordination; pronounced migraines with no precise cause, fainting or unconsciousness.
Risk factors for cardiovascular disease
- There are a number of well defined risk factors that can be divided into two main categories: modifiable (those that can be influenced) and unchanged (those that cannot be influenced or treated).
- The main modifiable risk factors account for about 80% of ischemic heart disease and cerebral disease.
Modifiable risk factors
- Hypertension
- Dyslipidemia (abnormal levels of cholesterol)
- Diabetes / disturbance of glucose tolerance
- Smoking
- Obesity (BMI 30)
- Lack of physical activity
- GFR <60 mL / min (diabetic kidney disease)
Modifiable risk factors
- Age (55 years for men, 65 years for women)
- Premature CVD family history
Cardiovascular disease signs and symptoms
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